ʻO ka pākaukau metala-ea he mea hana e hoʻohana ana i nā metala me ka mana electrode maikaʻi ʻole, e like me ka magnesium, aluminika, zinc, mercury a me ka hao, e like me ka electrode maikaʻi ʻole, a me ka oxygen a i ʻole ka oxygen maʻemaʻe i ka lewa e like me ka electrode maikaʻi.ʻO ka pilahi Zinc-air ka mea noiʻi loa a hoʻohana nui ʻia i loko o ka moʻo pākaukau metala-ea.I nā makahiki he 20 i hala iho nei, ua nui ka noiʻi ʻana o ka poʻe ʻepekema e pili ana i ka lua zinc-air battery.Ua hana ʻo Sanyo Corporation o Iapana i kahi pākahi lua zinc-air lua.ʻO ka pahu zinc-air no ka tractor me ka volta o 125V a me ka mana o 560A · h ua hoʻomohala ʻia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano o ka ea a me ka electro-hydraulic force circulation.Ua hōʻike ʻia ua hoʻohana ʻia i nā kaʻa, a hiki i kona hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kēia manawa hiki ke hiki i 80mA / cm2, a hiki ke kiʻekiʻe loa i 130mA / cm2.Ke hoʻohana nei kekahi mau hui ma Farani a me Iapana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka zinc slurry e hana i ka zinc-air secondary current, a ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia nei nā mea hana ma waho o ka pākaukau, me ka ikehu maoli o 115W · h/kg.

ʻO nā pōmaikaʻi nui o ka pākaukau metala-ea:

1) ʻOi aku ka ikaika kikoʻī.No ka mea ʻo ka mea hana i hoʻohana ʻia i ka electrode ea he oxygen i ka lewa, ʻaʻole pau.Ma ke kumumanaʻo, ʻaʻole palena ka mana o ka electrode maikaʻi.Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mea hana ma waho o ka pākaukau, no laila ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikehu theoretical o ka pā lewa ma mua o ka electrode metal oxide.ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ikehu manaʻo o ka ʻea uila metala ma mua o 1000W · h/kg, nona ka mana kemika kiʻekiʻe.
(2) He emi ke kumukuai.ʻAʻole hoʻohana ka pākaukau zinc-air i nā metala makamae ma ke ʻano he electrodes, a ʻo nā mea pākaukau he mau mea maʻamau, no laila ke kumu kūʻai.
(3) Hana kūpaʻa.ʻO ka mea kūikawā, hiki ke hana i ka pahu zinc-air ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o kēia manawa ma hope o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pauka porous zinc electrode a me ka alkaline electrolyte.Inā hoʻohana ʻia ka oxygen maʻemaʻe e pani i ka ea, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka hana hoʻokuʻu.Wahi a ka helu theoretical, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o kēia manawa ma kahi o 20 mau manawa.

Loaʻa i ka pila metala-ea nā hemahema penei:

1）, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pākaukau, hiki ke maʻalahi i ka maloʻo a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka electrolyte, e pili ana i ka hiki a me ke ola o ka pā.Inā hoʻohana ʻia ka alkaline electrolyte, maʻalahi hoʻi ke kumu o ka carbonation, hoʻonui i ke kūpaʻa kūloko o ka pākaukau, a pili i ka hoʻokuʻu.
2）, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka hana ʻana o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, no ka mea, ʻo ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka ea i loko o ka pākaukau i ka electrode maikaʻi ʻole e hoʻolalelale i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka electrode maikaʻi ʻole.
3), ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka zinc porous e like me ka electrode maikaʻi ʻole e pono ai ka homogenization mercury.ʻAʻole hoʻopōʻino wale ka Mercury i ke olakino o nā limahana akā hoʻohaumia nō hoʻi i ke kaiapuni, a pono e hoʻololi ʻia e ka mea hoʻopaneʻe corrosion non-mercury.

ʻO ka pākaukau metala-ea he mea hana e hoʻohana ana i nā metala me ka mana electrode maikaʻi ʻole, e like me ka magnesium, aluminika, zinc, mercury a me ka hao, e like me ka electrode maikaʻi ʻole, a me ka oxygen a i ʻole ka oxygen maʻemaʻe i ka lewa e like me ka electrode maikaʻi.Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia ka solution aqueous alkaline electrolyte e like me ka solution electrolyte o ka pākaukau metala-ea.Inā hoʻohana ʻia ka lithium, sodium, calcium, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe me ka ʻike electrode maikaʻi ʻole e like me ka electrode maikaʻi ʻole, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hana me ka wai, hiki i nā electrolyte organic non-aqueous wale nō e like me phenol-resistant solid electrolyte a i ʻole inorganic electrolyte e like me LiBF4 paʻakai. hoʻohana ʻia.

ʻO ka pāʻani magnesium-air

Hiki i kēlā me kēia metala me ka mana electrode maikaʻi ʻole a me ka electrode ea ke hana i ka pākaukau metala-ea.ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka mana electrode o ka magnesium a liʻiliʻi ka mea like electrochemical.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hui pū me ka electrode ea e hana i kahi pākaukau ea magnesium.ʻO ka electrochemical like o ka magnesium he 0.454g/(A · h) Ф=- 2.69V. ʻO ka manaʻo kikoʻī kikoʻī o ka pākaukau magnesium-air he 3910W · h/kg, ʻo ia hoʻi he 3 mau manawa o kēlā me ka zinc-air a me 5~ ʻO 7 mau manawa o ka pā lithium.ʻO ka pole maikaʻi ʻole o ka pā magnesium-air he magnesium, ʻo ka pole maikaʻi he oxygen i ka lewa, ʻo ka electrolyte ka solution KOH, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hopena electrolyte neutral.
ʻO ka nui o ka pākaukau nui, ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa a me ka palekana ikaika nā mea nui o nā pā ion magnesium.ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona divalent o ka magnesium ion e hiki ai ke lawe a mālama i nā koina uila hou aʻe, me ka mana o ka ikehu theoretical o 1.5-2 mau manawa o ka pā lithium.I ka manawa like, maʻalahi ka magnesium e unuhi a hoʻolaha nui ʻia.Loaʻa iā Kina ka pono endowment waiwai.Ma hope o ka hana ʻana i ka pākaukau magnesium, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kona kumukūʻai kūpono a me ke ʻano palekana waiwai ma mua o ka pā lithium.Ma ke ʻano o ka palekana, ʻaʻole e ʻike ʻia ka magnesium dendrite ma ka pole maikaʻi ʻole o ka pākaukau magnesium ion i ka wā o ka hoʻouka ʻana a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, hiki ke pale i ka ulu ʻana o ka lithium dendrite i loko o ka pā lithium e ʻoi ana i ka diaphragm a hoʻoneʻe i ka pākaukau i ka pōkole pōkole, ahi a pahū.ʻO nā mea maikaʻi ma luna nei e loaʻa ai i ka pālolo magnesium nā manaʻo hoʻomohala maikaʻi a me ka hiki.

E pili ana i ka hoʻomohala hou ʻana o nā pihi magnesium, ua holomua maikaʻi ka Qingdao Institute of Energy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences i nā pihi lua magnesium.I kēia manawa, ua uhaʻi ʻo ia i ka bottleneck ʻenehana i ka hana ʻana o nā pākaukau lua magnesium, a ua hoʻomohala i kahi kelepona hoʻokahi me ka nui o ka ikehu o 560Wh/kg.Hiki i kahi kaʻa uila me ka ʻenekia ea magnesium piha i kūkulu ʻia ma South Korea ke holo kūleʻa i 800 kilomita, ʻo ia ka ʻehā o ka awelika o nā kaʻa i hoʻohana ʻia i ka pā lithium i kēia manawa.Ke hoʻoikaika ikaika nei kekahi mau ʻoihana Iapana, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Kogawa Battery, Nikon, Nissan Automobile, Tohoku University of Japan, Rixiang City, Miyagi Prefecture, a me nā keʻena noiʻi ʻoihana-university a me nā keʻena aupuni i ka noiʻi nui o ka pākaukau ea magnesium.ʻO Zhang Ye, ka pūʻulu noiʻi o Modern Engineering College o Nanjing University, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻolālā i kahi electrolyte gel papalua, i ʻike i ka pale o ka anode metala magnesium a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā huahana hoʻokuʻu, a loaʻa iā ia kahi pākaukau ea magnesium me ke kiʻekiʻe ikehu kiʻekiʻe ( 2282 W h · kg-1, e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o nā ea electrodes a me ka magnesium negative electrodes), i ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka pākaukau ea magnesium me nā hoʻolālā o ka alloying anode a me ka anti-corrosion electrolyte i ka palapala o kēia manawa.
Ma keʻano laulā, aia ka pākaukau magnesium i ka pae ʻimi mua i kēia manawa, a he ala lōʻihi ka hele ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻolaha nui a me ka noi.